Sunday, January 20, 2019

Electric current

ELECTRIC  CURRENT 

-> we all are familiar with the flow of water in rivers. The flow of water in river is called water current. Similarly the amount of charge is flowing in the conductor (e.g wire) is called electric current .

-> in atom electron move around nucleus and proton remain binded . In the metallic molecule materials , under the normal circumstance the attractive force between valence electron(electrons in outmost orbit) and the nucleus (positive charge ) is competitively very small .

-> during the formation of metallic material , these electrons get separated from their parent atoms and move in a random manner . Such electron is called 'free electron '.

-> in below figures you can easily understand the concept of electric current
 (A) figure denotes a wire with having positive ions and free electrons , free electrons are moving in random motion
(B) figure  B denotes a wire connected with battery so all free electrons moving in positive to negative charge (originally negative to positive!!!)

-> Earlier, scientists believed that the electric current only leads to positive charge, so the direction of the positive charge of the electric charge was considered as the direction of the electric current. But J.J. After electron discovery Thomson (1856-1940), he wanted to know that the electric current in the converter leads to the speed of electrons. At present, we also take the direction of electric current in the direction of a positive electric charge, which is referred to as the traditional electric current. Thus, the direction of the conventional electric current is towards the direction of the spring electrophoresis. After this primary explanation we will define the electric current "Electric current charge rate of electric charge,

-> definition :the net amount of electric charge flowing through any cross section of the carrier is defined as an electric current,

->the amount of electric charge current time if Q is any cross section of the conductor Silver passing through The amount of the charge.

-> I=Q/t

-> unit : in SI system unit is coulomb/second,
- this unit is known as ampere who is remarkable French scientist

-> the device which can measure current is known as 'ammeter'.





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